![]() ![]() ![]() Delays in supplying are avoided due to smooth manufacturing activity and hence it is generally desirable to adopt a good plant layout that facilities minimum handling. 7.3.1 FACILITY LAYOUT PLANNING INTRODUCTION. Four types of organization are referred to, namely fixed product layout, process layout, product layout and cellular layout. It offers minimum material handling by making material movements shorter, faster and economical. The layout design generally depends on the products variety and the production volumes. For example, a manufacturing plant using a process design may. Organizations use process design in plants to arrange processes, equipment, tools, machinery, and workstations according to the function they perform to increase efficiency. The process designer specifies the physical subcomponents., and how they are to be connected and controlled in order to safely, reliably and economically carry out the process. Machines and equipment should be placed in such a way that there is a minimal or no wastage of space and yet there should be an optimum choice for expansion.Ħ) Maximum opportunity for a greater width of aisles, heights of ceilings and other areas of storage so the need for later alterations will be reducedĪ good plant layout thus facilitates an efficient material handling system. A process layout is one type of facility layout that companies use to design floor plans for buildings. Process plants are they are made of concrete and steel, wires and pipes, tanks and pumps. In designing the plant layout taking into account the changes over short and medium terms in the production process and manufacturing volumes. For maximum utilization of their time the plant should be equipped with:Ī) Identified and well-named functional areas.ī) Distinct areas for raw materials, tools, work-in-process, inspection, and finished goods.ģ) For an effective and speedy movement of materials there should be an effective use of:Ī) Bins, trolleys, racks, and trays to keep materials instead of placing them on floorsī) Proper packaging techniques before dispatchingĬ) Conveyors, chutes, inclined planes, and gravity feed bins to automate, materials movement.Ĥ) Public utilities should be located at easily accessible distances and should not require distant walks on part of the workersĥ) Economical use of space should be aimed. A layout should be designed such that it suits the manufacturing requirement of the products and reduces the material handling to a minimum.Ģ) If the workers are compelled to search through the entire workshop for a particular material, their productive time is bound to go wasted. The material handling factors to be considered while designing the plant layout are:ġ) Excessive material movement damages the materials and causes loss of valuable man-hours in shifting materials. A good plant structure can ascertain the least material handling process and inexpensive material handling the equipment. There is a close connection between the concepts of plant layout and material handling. Relationship between operational layout and Material Handling Equipment
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